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1
2 Description of the zisofs Format
3
4 as of zisofs-tools-1.0.8 by H. Peter Anvin
5 and cdrtools-2.01.01a39 by Joerg Schilling
6
7 For libburnia-project.org by Thomas Schmitt <scdbackup@gmx.net>
8 - distribute freely , please report any errors or ambiguities -
9
10 Apr 11 2009
11
12
13 The zisofs format was invented by H. Peter Anvin. It compresses data file
14 content, marks it by a header and provides a pointer array for coarse random
15 access. Within a RRIP enhanced ISO 9660 image the format is additionally marked
16 by a System Use entry with signature "ZF".
17
18 The uncompressed size of a single zisofs compressed file is restricted
19 to 4 GiB - 1. Larger files shall not be compressed.
20
21
22 File Header
23
24 The file header has this layout (quoted from zisofs-tools-1.0.8/mkzftree.c):
25 Byte offset iso9660 type Contents
26 0 (8 bytes) Magic number (37 E4 53 96 C9 DB D6 07)
27 8 7.3.1 Uncompressed file size
28 12 7.1.1 header_size >> 2 (currently 4)
29 13 7.1.1 log2(block_size)
30 14 (2 bytes) Reserved, must be zero
31 So its size is 16.
32 7.3.1 means little endian 4-byte words. 7.1.1. means unsigned single bytes.
33
34 Readers shall be able to handle log2(block_size) values 15, 16 and 17
35 i.e. block sizes 32 kB, 64 kB, and 128 kB. Writers must not use other sizes.
36
37
38 Block Pointers
39
40 There are ceil(input_size / block_size) input and output blocks.
41 Each input block is of fixed size whereas the output blocks have varying
42 size (down to 0). For each output block there is an offset pointer giving
43 its byte address in the overall file content. The next block pointer in the
44 array tells the start of the next block which begins immediately after the
45 end of its predecessor. A final pointer gives the first invalid byte address
46 and thus marks the end of the last block.
47
48 So there are ceil(input_size / block_size) + 1 block pointers.
49 They are stored as an array of 4-byte values which are in ISO 9660:7.3.1 format
50 directly after the file header, i.e. beginning at byte 16.
51
52
53 Data Part
54
55 The data part begins immediately after the pointer array. In principle it
56 consists of the variable length output blocks as delivered by zlib function
57 compress2() when fed with the fixed size input blocks.
58
59 A special case of input and output block is defined:
60 Zero-length blocks represent a block full of 0-bytes.
61 Such input blocks do not get processed by compress2() but shall be mapped to
62 0-sized output directly. Vice versa 0-sized blocks have to bypass uncompress()
63 when being read.
64
65
66 ZF System Use Entry Format
67
68 ZF may only be applied to files with a single extent and less than 4 GiB of
69 uncompressed size.
70
71 The ZF entry follows the general layout of SUSP and RRIP.
72 Its fields are:
73
74 [1] "BP 1 to BP 2 - Signature Word" shall be (5A)(46) ("ZF").
75
76 [2] "BP 3 - Length" shall specify as an 8-bit number the length in bytes of
77 the ZF entry recorded according to ISO 9660:7.1.1.
78 This length is 16 decimal.
79
80 [3] "BP 4 - System Use Entry Version" shall be 1 as in ISO 9660:7.1.1.
81
82 [4] "BP 5 to BP 6 - Algorithm" shall be (70)(7A) ("pz") to indicate
83 "paged zlib".
84
85 [5] "BP 7 - Header Size Div 4" shall specify as an 8-bit number the number of
86 4-byte words in the header part of the file data recorded according
87 to ISO 9660:7.1.1.
88 (This is a copy of header byte 12 / BP 13).
89
90 [6] "BP 8 - Log2 of Block Size" shall specify as an 8-bit number the binary
91 logarithm of the compression block size recorded according to
92 ISO 9660:7.1.1.
93 (This is a copy of header byte 13 / BP 14.
94 The value has to be 15, 16 or 17 i.e. 32 kiB, 64 kiB, or 128 kiB.)
95
96 [7] "BP 9 to BP 16 - Uncompressed Size" shall tell the number of uncompressed
97 bytes represented by the given extent. This field shall be recorded
98 according to ISO 9660:7.3.3.
99 (This number is the same as in header bytes 8 to 11 / BP 9 to BP 12.)
100
101 | 'Z' | 'F' | LENGTH | 1 | 'p' | 'z' | HEADER SIZE DIV 4 | LOG2 BLOCK SIZE
102 | UNCOMPRESSED SIZE |
103
104 ISO 9660:7.3.3 means 4-byte word in both byte orders, first little endian, then
105 big endian.
106 Example (block size 32 kiB, uncompressed file size = 1,234,567 bytes):
107 { 'Z', "F', 16, 1, 'p', 'z', 4, 15,
108 0x87, 0xD6, 0x12, 0x00, 0x00, 0x12, 0xD6, 0x87 }
109
110
111 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
112 Revoked specification aspects:
113
114 A comment in zisofs-tools-1.0.8 indicates a special case of output block:
115 "a block the length of which is equal to the block size is unencoded."
116 This is not implemented in zisofs-tools and in the Linux kernel. Existing
117 zisofs enhanced ISO images might contain encoded blocks which could be
118 mistaken for unencoded blocks.
119 Therefore this rule is not part of this description and must not be
120 implemented.
121
122 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
123 References:
124
125 zisofs-tools
126 http://freshmeat.net/projects/zisofs-tools/
127
128 zlib:
129 /usr/include/zlib.h
130
131 cdrtools with mkisofs
132 ftp://ftp.berlios.de/pub/cdrecord/alpha
133
134 ECMA-119 aka ISO 9660
135 http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/files/ECMA-ST/Ecma-119.pdf
136
137 SUSP 1.12
138 ftp://ftp.ymi.com/pub/rockridge/susp112.ps
139
140 RRIP 1.12
141 ftp://ftp.ymi.com/pub/rockridge/rrip112.ps
142
143 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
144
145 This text is under
146 Copyright (c) 2009 - 2010 Thomas Schmitt <scdbackup@gmx.net>
147 It shall reflect the effective technical specifications as implemented in
148 zisofs-tools and the Linux kernel. So please contact mailing list
149 <libburn-hackers@pykix.org> or to the copyright holder in private, if you
150 want to make changes.
151 Only if you cannot reach the copyright holder for at least one month it is
152 permissible to modify and distribute this text under the license "BSD revised".
153